What layer of skin is rich in blood vessels and nerves?

The dermis is the layer of skin that is rich in blood vessels and nerves. This layer lies beneath the epidermis and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, sebaceous (oil) glands, sweat glands, and a network of blood vessels. The extensive blood supply in the dermis helps regulate temperature and provides essential nutrients to the skin. Additionally, the presence of nerve endings in the dermis allows for the sensation of touch, pain, and temperature, making it a critical layer for both vascular and sensory functions in the skin's structure. The epidermis, while crucial for protection and water retention, does not possess blood vessels or nerves. The hypodermis and subcutaneous layer are also primarily composed of connective tissue and fat rather than the vascular and nerve-rich structure found in the dermis.